Monodisperse Nanoparticles | Image Resource : ep.yimg.com

The high performance and novel properties of nanoparticles exist not only because of its small size but even due to its uniform distribution. This aspect of nanostructures made researches curious about the way they would behave when dispersed in a liquid medium, as dispersion would further reduce the size of nanoparticles. This is something that led to the inception of monodispersion of nanoparticles.

The dispersed particles were of uniform shape, composition and size; enhancing the technological and scientific capabilities of nanoparticles. One of the major advantage of monodisperse nanoparticles is that they bring out uniformed properties of different individual particles, as a result of which the properties of particles on the whole becomes strictly controllable. This is the reason why these particles are widely used across various industries for information storage, pharmacy, sensors, catalysts and film precursors.

As a matter of fact the property of nanostructures is quite sensitive to their size in comparison with micro-particles. For instance, a florescence of CdSe/ZnS (core/shell) is dependent upon the size of the particles; similarly the supermagnetic properties are even influenced by the size of nanoparticles. This is why the properties of these particles have amazing potential in electronics and bio-medicine.
 

There are various strategies utilized for the making of monodispersed nanoparticles. In chemical preparation there are several processes involved such as precipitation of the solid phase to liquid which includes growth of particles and nucleation in the solution. Following the appropriate growth is the key for controlling nucleation with perfection. This vital, as the uniformity in the size of the particles can only be achieved with short nucleation period that creates the particles at the end of the process.

There are three strategies used for synthesizing monodispersed particles through chemical process and they are

Reduction Routes and High Temperature Decomposition: This approach was introduced in the early 1990s for creating monodisperse quantum dots.

Throughout then it is turning out to be one of the most popular strategies implemented for producing affordable monodisperse nanoparticles. Complex compounds like orgametallics are used for the process that holds amazing properties which are crucial for the making of these particles.

Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Routes: The hydrothermal and solvothermal is an interesting approach where solvents at a high temperature and pressure are used with supercritical conditions. In these cases, they exhibit the property of both liquid and gas as well, where solvents are devoid of surface tension yet it exhibits high viscosity.

Micelle Routes: When the concentration of micelle exceeds the critical concentration of surfactants then micelles are formed. The usual orientation of micelle is made up of hydrophobic atom chains; these chains of carbon atoms are something that propagates the making of monodisperse nanoparticles.

There are several amazing benefits of these particles over the normal nanostructures and they are

Incredible uniformity despite of the size, shape or composition

Enhances the effectiveness of the particle typically for applications in bio-medicine, cosmetics and electronics

Makes the nanoparticles versatile for a wide range of applications.